Methods

Ek method ek class ke andar rehta hai aur uska ek return type, ek naam, aur parameters ki ek list hoti hai. static methods, jaise is lesson mein hain, kisi particular instance ke bajaye khud class ke hote hain, isi wajah se main() — jo khud static hai — unhe directly call kar sakta hai.

public class Main {
    static int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(add(3, 4));
    }
}

7

Method overloading

Java aapko same naam ke multiple methods declare karne deta hai, jab tak unke parameter types alag hain — ise overloading kehte hain. Compiler call site par argument types ke basis par compile time par sahi wala pick karta hai, bina kisi runtime cost ke.

public class Main {
    static int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    static double add(double a, double b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(add(3, 4));
        System.out.println(add(3.5, 2.5));
    }
}

7
6.0

Aage: arrays aur ArrayList — Java ke fixed-size arrays versus growable ArrayList collection.