Strings and Template Literals

A string is just text, and JavaScript treats it as a sequence of characters — you can index into it and pull substrings out of it much like an array.

let greeting = "Hello, World!";
console.log(greeting[0]);
console.log(greeting.slice(7, 12));
console.log(greeting.toUpperCase());
console.log(greeting.length);

H
World
HELLO, WORLD!
13

• greeting[0] gets the character at index 0 — JavaScript indexes from 0, just like Python
• greeting.slice(7, 12) is a slice — characters from index 7 up to (not including) index 12
• toUpperCase() returns a new string, it doesn't change the original
• length is a property, not a function — no parentheses, unlike Python's len(greeting)

Template literals — the modern way to build text

You'll constantly need to combine variables with fixed text. Template literals (strings wrapped in backticks) let you drop a variable straight into a string using ${...}, instead of clumsily concatenating pieces with +.

let name = "Abhimanyu";
let age = 25;
console.log(`My name is ${name} and I am ${age} years old.`);

My name is Abhimanyu and I am 25 years old.

Next: arrays — JavaScript's way of storing an ordered collection of values.