C++ ka Introduction

C++ ek compiled, statically typed systems programming language hai jisme koi garbage collector nahi hai. Iski guiding philosophy hai 'zero-cost abstractions': jo high-level features aap use karte ho — classes, templates, exceptions — woh is tarah design kiye gaye hain ki runtime par unka koi extra cost na ho, equivalent hand-written low-level code se zyada.

Rust ke ulat, jo compile time par ek borrow checker ke through memory safety enforce karta hai, C++ aapko raw mechanism deta hai — pointers, manual allocation — aur resources ko safely manage karne ke liye RAII (is course mein baad mein cover hoga) jaisi conventions par depend karta hai. Yeh tradeoff C++ ko samajhne ke liye central hai: yeh programmer ko zyada power aur zyada responsibility, dono deta hai.

Ek jaldi sa preview

Yeh raha ek real C++ program, jo is page ke apne compiler par actually run hua hai — koi mockup nahi:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    string message = "Hello from C++!";
    cout << message << endl;
    return 0;
}

Hello from C++!

Bas itna hi — ek string variable, jo cout se print kiya gaya. Agla lesson aapka pehla poora program run karta hai aur exactly samjhaata hai ki kya ho raha hai.