Classes aur Objects

Class ek blueprint hai objects banane ke liye jo data (properties) ko un functions (methods) ke saath bundle karta hai jo us data par kaam karte hain. Dog class se banaya gaya har dog same structure share karta hai, lekin apni khud ki values rakhta hai.

class Dog {
  constructor(name, age) {
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
  }

  bark() {
    return `${this.name} says Woof!`;
  }
}

const myDog = new Dog("Rex", 3);
console.log(myDog.name);
console.log(myDog.bark());

Rex
Rex says Woof!

• constructor apne aap run hota hai jab aap new se ek naya object banate ho — yahin object ka starting data set up hota hai
• this us specific object ko refer karta hai jis par method call ho raha hai — yeh method ko object ke apne properties tak pahunchne deta hai
• this.name = name value ko ek property ke roop mein store karta hai, taaki is object ke har method baad mein use access kar sake
• new Dog("Rex", 3) Dog class ka ek actual object (ek "instance") banata hai

Aap same class se jitne chahe utne dogs bana sakte ho — new Dog("Bella", 5), new Dog("Max", 1) — har ek apna naam aur age independently rakhega.

Aage: promises aur async/await — JavaScript time lene wale operations ko kaise handle karta hai.