Numbers aur Basic Math Operators

Python mein do number types hain jo aap baar baar use karoge: int poore numbers ke liye, float decimal point wale kisi bhi number ke liye. Zyada tar arithmetic operators bilkul calculator jaise hi kaam karte hain, lekin do operators Python-specific hain aur accident se hit hone se pehle inhe jaan lena zaroori hai.

a = 10
b = 3

print(a + b)
print(a - b)
print(a * b)
print(a / b)
print(a // b)
print(a % b)
print(a ** b)

13
7
30
3.3333333333333335
3
1
1000

• + - * bilkul waise hi kaam karte hain jaise expect karoge
• / division hai, aur yeh hamesha ek float return karta hai, chahe result poora number hi kyun na ho
• // floor division hai — divide karta hai, phir sabse najdeek chhote poore number tak round down kar deta hai
• % modulo operator hai — division ke baad jo remainder bachta hai woh deta hai
• ** exponentiation hai — a ** b ka matlab hai a ki power b

/ vs // — jahan log usually confuse ho jaate hain

Regular division (/) hamesha float return karta hai, chahe dono numbers poore hi kyun na ho. Floor division (//) divide karta hai aur phir decimal point ke baad sab kuch drop kar deta hai — yeh nearest whole number tak round nahi karta, hamesha neeche ki taraf round karta hai.

print(5 / 2)
print(5 // 2)
print(5.0 // 2)

2.5
2
2.0

Last line notice karo: float par floor division bhi float hi return karta hai (2.0, na ki 2) — Python type ko consistent rakhta hai jo aapne diya tha. Kisi bhi operation mein int aur float ko mix karoge to result hamesha float hi aayega.

Rounding

round() kisi number ko utne decimal places tak round karta hai jitna aap specify karo — ya agar aap woh argument chhod do to nearest whole number tak round kar deta hai.

pi = 3.14159
print(round(pi, 2))
print(round(pi))

3.14
3

Aage: strings — Python mein text actually kaise kaam karta hai, aur woh methods jo aap baar baar use karoge.