List Comprehensions

List comprehension ek naya list banata hai, yeh bata kar ke har item kya banna chahiye, ek hi parhne mein asaan line mein. Aksar Python developers isko lambda ke saath map()/filter() ke bajaye istemal karte hain — yeh zyada mustaqil mana jaata hai aur syntax ki aadat ho jaane ke baad zyada parhne mein asaan bhi.

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared = [x * x for x in numbers]
print(squared)

evens = [x for x in numbers if x % 2 == 0]
print(evens)

[1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
[2, 4]

[x * x for x in numbers] taqreeban English jaisa hi parhta hai: "x times x, numbers ke har x ke liye." End mein if x % 2 == 0 add karne se filter ho jaata hai ke kaun se items shamil honge — yeh bilkul wahi result hai jo pichhle lesson ke map()/filter() example ka tha, us shakal mein jo aksar Python code asal mein istemal karta hai.

Aage: exception handling — apne program ko crash hone dene ke bajaye errors ko sahi tareeqe se sambhalna.