Strings aur String Methods

String bas text hota hai, aur Python ise characters ki ek sequence ki tarah treat karta hai — iska matlab hai ke aap isme index kar sakte hain aur slice kar sakte hain, bilkul list ki tarah.

greeting = "Hello, World!"
print(greeting[0])
print(greeting[7:12])
print(greeting.upper())
print(greeting.lower())
print(len(greeting))

H
World
HELLO, WORLD!
hello, world!
13

• greeting[0] index 0 par jo character hai woh deta hai — Python 0 se index karta hai, 1 se nahi
• greeting[7:12] ek slice hai — index 7 se le kar (shamil kiye baghair) index 12 tak ke characters
• .upper() aur .lower() ek naya string wapas karte hain, original ko nahi badalte
• len() strings par bhi waise hi kaam karta hai jaise lists par karta hai

f-strings — text banane ka jadeed tareeqa

Aapko baar baar variables ko fixed text ke saath jorna paray ga. f-strings (string ke aage f lagao) aapko curly braces istemal kar ke variable ko seedha string mein daalne dete hain, + se pieces ko mushkil tareeqe se jorne ke bajaye.

name = "Abhimanyu"
age = 25
print(f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old.")

My name is Abhimanyu and I am 25 years old.

Splitting aur replacing

.split() ek string ko list mein tor deta hai, jahan bhi aap ne diya hua separator milta hai. .replace() ek substring ko doosre se replace kar deta hai, jahan bhi woh milta hai.

sentence = "Python is fun"
words = sentence.split(" ")
print(words)
print(sentence.replace("fun", "powerful"))

['Python', 'is', 'fun']
Python is powerful

Aage: lists — Python mein values ki ordered collection store karne ka bunyadi tareeqa.